Word Context During Initial Exposure Influences Degree of Priming in Word Fragment Completion
نویسنده
چکیده
Priming in word fragment completion is revealed by the increased probability of correctly completing a fragment like "_ l l_p_e" when the word "ellipse" was seen recently. Three experiments investigated the effects on priming of manipulating the context in which the words were seen. Three principal results emerged. Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrated that there was much more priming for words studied in a to-be-learned list than read in meaningful passages. In these same two experiments, low-frequency words were subject to more priming than were higher frequency words, regardless of context. Experiment 3 revealed more priming for words when they did not fit sensibly into connected discourse than when they did. The results suggest that context plays a critical role in priming: As a word moves from being contextually bound in meaningful discourse to being isolated in a list, its probability of priming increases.
منابع مشابه
Word frequency effects on recall, recognition, and word fragment completion tests.
In 3 experiments, the effect of word frequency on an indirect word fragment completion test and on direct free-recall and Yes-no recognition tests was investigated. In Experiment 1, priming in word fragment completion was substantially greater for low-frequency words than for high-frequency words, but free recall was unaffected. Experiment 2 replicated the word fragment completion result and sh...
متن کاملPriming Patterns Are Different in Masked Word Identification and Word Fragment Completion
Indirect tests of remembering have revealed two different patterns of priming following generation and reading tasks: (1) read words produce more priming than generated words, which produce little or no priming relative to new words, and (2) both read and generated words show reliable and equivalent priming. In a series of six experiments using both mixed and blocked presentation of encoding ta...
متن کاملThe neural substrates of visual implicit memory: do the two hemispheres play different roles?
Identification of visually presented words is facilitated by implicit memory, or visual priming, for past visual experiences with those words. There is disagreement over the neuro-anatomical substrates of this form of implicit memory. Several studies have suggested that this form of priming relies on a visual word-form system localized in the right occipital lobe, whereas other studies have ind...
متن کاملAltering retrieval demands reverses the picture superiority effect.
In Experiment 1 subjects studied a mixed list of pictures and words and then received either a free recall test or a word fragment completion test (e.g., _YL.mL for pyramid) on which some fragments corresponded to previously studied items. Free recall of pictures was better than that of words. However, words produced greater priming than did pictures on the fragment completion test, although a ...
متن کاملEffects of Divided Attention in the Word Fragment Completion Task with Unique or Multiple Solutions
Previous research has found no effects of divided attention (DA) in the Word Fragment Completion Task (WFC) when only one legitimate solution was allowed for each fragment. In two experiments a short-term memory load paradigm was used to vary attention during encoding, and fragments were constructed to have unique or multiple solutions. Results demonstrate that DA can reduce perceptual priming ...
متن کامل